"The hot dry-air bath of the Romans…
had been lost and forgotten in the British Isles
for around fourteen centuries."

1.	‘…hot bath introduced from the East…' Oxford English dictionary
2.	‘…hot-air or steam bath…’ New shorter Oxford English dictionary
3.	‘…type of bath in which the bather sweats freely in a steam room…’ Collins English dictionary
4.	Pleasures of the Japanese bath / text by Peter Grilli; photographs and design by Dana Levy; introduction by Isamu Noguchi. — New York : Weatherhill, 1992
5.	Finnish sauna / Allan Konya. — London : Architectural Pr, 1987
6.	Baths and bathing in classical antiquity / Fikret Yegül. — New York : Architectural History Foundation ; Cambridge (Mass.) : MIT Pr, 1995 More recently published, Yegül's Bathing in the Roman world (CUP, 2009) is written for the general reader.
7.	Thermae et balnea: the architecture and cultural history of Roman public baths / Inge Nielsen ; translated [from the Danish] by Peter Crabb. — 2nd ed / Aarhus : Univ Pr, 1993
8.	Bathing in public in the Roman world / Garrett G Fagan. — Ann Arbor : University of Michigan, 1999
9.	Roman Bath discovered / Barry Cunliffe. — 2nd ed. — London : Routledge, 1984
10.	Roman baths in Britain / Tony Rook. — Princes Risborough : Shire, 1992. — (Shire archaeology ; no.69)
11.	The Russian bath / Mathias Roth. — 2nd ed. — London : Groombridge, 1855
12.	Mr Bartholomew’s evidence before a committee of medical men on the prevention and cure of disease... / Charles Bartholomew. — Bristol : Taylor, 1866
13.	Chartist portraits / G D H Cole. — London : Macmillan, 1941. — p.155
14.	Revolutionary ideas of Karl Marx / Alex Callinicos. — London : Bookmarks, 1983. — p.30
15.	‘David Urquhart and the West Riding Foreign Affairs Committees’ / Asa Briggs The Bradford Antiquary (1962) pp.197-207
16.	'David Urquhart and the Foreign Affairs Committees' / Richard Shannon. In: Pressure from without in early Victorian England / edited by Patricia Hollis. — London : Edward Arnold, 1974
17.	Unpublished thesis: The activities and influence of David Urquhart, 1837-56, with special reference to the affairs of the Near East / Margaret H Jenks. — (PhD), University of London, 1964
18.	The trouble makers: dissent over foreign policy, 1792-1939: The Ford Lectures, Oxford, 1956 / A J P Taylor. — London : Hamish Hamilton. — p.9
19.	'David Urquhart and the Eastern Question, 1833-37: a study in publicity and diplomacy' / G H Bolsover Journal of Modern History (Dec 1936) pp.444-67
20.	David Urquhart: some chapters in the life of a Victorian knight-errant of justice and liberty / Gertrude Robinson. — Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1920
21.	Urquhart's wife, and both his daughters, converted to Roman Catholicism after his death
22.	'David Urquhart' / William H Maehl, Jnr. In: Biographical dictionary of modern British radicals / edited by Joseph O Baylen and Norbert J Gossman. — Brighton : Harvester Pr, 1984, — pp.506-512
23.	A memoir of Mrs Urquhart / Mrs [Maria Catherine] Bishop. — London : Kegan Paul, 1897
24.	…and Mr Fortescue: a selection from the diaries from 1851 to 1862 of Chichester Fortescue, Lord Carlingford / edited by Osbert Wyndham Hewett. — London : John Murray, [1958]
25.	The Pillars of Hercules, or, A narrative of travels in Spain & Morocco in 1848 / David Urquhart. — London : Richard Bentley, 1850. — 2 vols. — v.2; p.38
26.	The Pillars of Hercules, or, A narrative of travels in Spain & Morocco in 1848 / David Urquhart. — London : Richard Bentley, 1850. — 2 vols. — v.2; p.32
27.	Notes of a journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo , by Mr M A Titmarch / William Makepeace Thackeray / London : Chapman & Hall, 1844
28.	Travels in Turkey, Egypt, Nubia and Palestine...1824-27 / Richard Robert Madden. — 1829. — 2 vols
29.	Manners & customs of the modern Egyptians / Edward William Lane. — London : Dent, 1906. — (Everyman). — pp.343-350
30.	For more on the beehive shaped Irish sweathouses, see Anthony Weir's beautifully illustrated website.
31.	Strictures on the personal cleanliness of the English, with a description of the hammams of the Turks and an attempt to shew their conformity with the baths of the ancient Romans. — London : The author, 1828. — p.35
32.	Strictures on the personal cleanliness of the English, with a description of the hammams of the Turks and an attempt to shew their conformity with the baths of the ancient Romans. — London : The author, 1828. — pp.117-22
33.	The functions of the skin, and the value of the bath, with special reference to the improved Turkish bath / Richard Beamish. — London : Bailliere, 1859
34.	Compendium of Irish biography / Alfred Webb. — Dublin : Gill, 1878
35.	Recollections of the late Dr Barter / by the author of 'Simple questions and sanitary facts'… . — Dublin : William McGee, 1875
36.	Sanitas sanitatum et omnia sanitas. Vol.1 [all published] / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Co-operative Printing Co, 1877. — p.164
37.	The rise and progress of hydropathy in England and Scotland / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Simkin, Marshall, 1906. — pp.120-141
38.	The rise and progress of hydropathy in England and Scotland / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Simkin, Marshall, 1906. — pp.120-141
39.	The water cure in chronic diseases / James Manby Gully. — 3rd ed. — 1856
40.	The rise and progress of hydropathy in England and Scotland / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Simkin, Marshall, 1906
41.	Taking the cure / E S Turner — London : Michael Joseph, 1967. — pp.142-202
42.	Practical hydropathy / John Smedley. — 12th ed. — London : Kent, 1870
43.	Hydropathy: its principles and practice, for home use / Archibald Hunter. — Glasgow : Hay Nisbet, 1894
44.	Asthma, consumption, & bronchitis treated by the water-cure and air bath / William MacLeod. — 2nd edition. — London : Robert Hardwicke, 1863
45.	Hydropathy at home: the domestic practice of the water cure / Joseph Constantine. — Third ed, rev and enlarged. — Manchester, 1884
46.	Recollections of the late Dr Barter / by the author of 'Simple questions and sanitary facts'… . — Dublin : William McGee, 1875. — p.17
47.	'Testimonial to R Barter, Esq, MD' Cork Constitution (7 June 1856) pp.ii-iii
48.	'The Turkish bath' [letter to the editor] / William Potter Sheffield Free Press (18 Jul 1857) p.3
49.	'The Turkish bath' [letter to the editor] / William Potter Free Press (22 Jul 1857) p.3
50.	Slater's general and classified directory and street register of Manchester. — 1858. — Advertisements p.14
51.	Improvements in heating and ventilating buildings, and in apparatus connected therewith / Richard Barter. — London : E & S, 1859. — (Letters Patent: 1859, 22th January; no.208)
52.	Sanitas sanitatum et omnia sanitas. Vol.1 [all published] / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Co-operative Printing Co, 1877. — pp.166-8
53.	Ulysses / James Joyce. — London : Bodley Head, 1955. — p.78
54.	'New baths, Lincoln-Place' Dublin Builder (1 Jan 1860)
55.	Ulysses / James Joyce. — London : Bodley Head, 1955. — p.672; p.636
56.	The Turkish bath or hot-air bath / George Wyld. — London : Leath & Ross, 1860. — p.12
57.	The Turkish bath: its design and construction / R Owen Allsop. — London : Spon, 1890. — pp.27-9
58.	'Opening of Turkish baths in Brighton' Builder (24 Oct 1868). — p.786
59.	'Opening of the new Turkish baths at North Shields' Shields Daily News (17 Jul 1869). — p.4
60.	The University Pitt Club, 1835-1935 / Walter Morley Fletcher. — Cambridge : CUP, 1935
61.	'Entire fittings…: [advertisement]' Cambridge Chronicle   (14 May 1864). — p.5
62.	'Opening of the Turkish baths' Cambrian (15 Apr 1864)
63.	'Reformed Roman or oriental baths …: [advertisement]' Post Office directory of Glasgow. — 1863. — p.171
64.	'Jack's Roman or Turkish baths …: [advertisement]' Post Office directory of Glasgow. — 1864. — p.166
65.	Post Office directory of Glasgow. — 1859
66.	'Turkish bath …: [advertisement]' Northern Advertiser (1 Jan 1861) p.2
67.	'Sciennes Hill Baths' Scottish press (11 Oct 1859) Quoted in: Aberdeen Water Cure Journal vol.1; pp.232-3
68.	Roman or Turkish baths / James Lawrie. — Edinburgh : MacLachlan & Stewart, 1864. — p.38
69.	The Turkish bath, with a view to its introduction in the British Dominions / David Urquhart. — London : David Bryce, 1856
70.	Roman or Turkish bath: its hygienic and curative properties / William Potter. — London : Simkin & Marshall, 1859
71.	An illustrated guide to the Turkish baths, medicated and other baths... / Charles Bartholomew. — London : Marshall, 1887
72.	On the modified Turkish and vapour bath and its value in certain diseases of the skin / John Laws Milton. — London, 1873
73.	The Turkish bath: an antidote for the cravings of the drunkard / A, J. [ie, John Abel] — Dublin : Webb, 1859. — (Tracts on the drink question; no.1)
74.	Manual of the Turkish bath: heat a mode of cure and a source of strength for men and animals, from the writings of Mr Urquhart / edited by Sir John Fife . — London : Churchill, 1865
75.	The Eastern, or Turkish bath: its history, revival in Britain and application to the purpose of health / Erasmus Wilson. — London : John Churchill, 1861
76.	The Sweating cure: the physiological basis and curative effects / John Balbirnie. — 2nd ed. — Southport : The author, 1864
77.	The Turkish bath / Frederic Collins Coley. - London : Walter Scott, 1887
78.	The Anglo-Roman or 'Turkish bath': its history, proper construction, present status and various uses / Francis Drake. — London : Ward & Lock, 1862
79.	The rise and progress of hydropathy in England and Scotland / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Simkin, Marshall, 1906
80.	Sanitas sanitatum et omnia sanitas. Vol.1 [all published]/ Richard Metcalfe. — London : Co-operative Printing Co, 1877
81.	Fifty years of the water cure, with autobiographical notes / Joseph Constantine. — Manchester : John Heywood, 1892
82.	The philosophy of the bath, or air and water in health and disease / Durham Dunlop. — London : Simpkin Marshall, 1868
83.	The Turkish bath: its design and construction / R Owen Allsop. — London : Spon, 1890
84.	'The Finnish sauna: a special issue' Annals of Clinical Research (Helsinki) 4 (1988)
85.	'Turkish baths: public meeting in Cork' Cork Examiner (23 Jul 1856) p.iv
86.	'Turkish baths' Irish Times (09 Feb 1860)
87.	Lecture on the action and uses of the Turkish baths: for the use of beginners / John Le Gay Brereton. — 4th ed. — London : John Lane, 1860
88.	The functions of the skin, and the value of the bath, with special reference to the improved Turkish bath / Richard Beamish. — London : Bailliere, 1859
89.	'Thermo-therapeia (the heat-cure): or, the treatment of disease by immersion of the body in heated air' / Erasmus Wilson British Medical Journal (13 Oct 1860)
90.	'Lecture on the revival of the Turkish, or ancient Roman bath' / T Spencer Wells Medical Times and Gazette (03 Nov 1860)
91.	Letter from John Le Gay Brereton to David Urquhart, 10 Jul 1860. — Wellcome Institute: Western MS.6236/21
92.	The history and description of the Turkish bath, and its hygienic and medical use / Charles Bartholomew. — Bristol : Wright, 1863
93.	The Turkish bath in health, sickness, convalescence / Charles Bartholomew. — London : Ward, 1869
94.	The Turkish bath: being a lecture delivered in the Mechanics' Institute, Bradford on 8 July 1858 / Richard Barter. — Bradford : Jowett, 1858
95.	'Rochdale' Free Press (25 Mar 1857)
96.	'Subscription Turkish baths' Rochdale Observer (19 Nov 1859)
97.	'The Turkish bath' / Dominic Madden Dublin Hospital Gazette (16 Jan 1860) pp.17-22
98.	Life in a tub / 'DIOGENHS' (Diogenes). — 3rd ed, revised and enlarged. — Dublin : McGee, 1858
99.	New Irish bath versus the old Turkish, or, pure air versus vapour / edited by Photophilus. — Dublin : William McGee, 1860
100.	The philosophy of the bath, or air and water in health and disease / Durham Dunlop. — London : Simpkin Marshall, 1868
101.	'The Roman bath' The Lancet (5 Jan 1861)
102.	'The Turkish bath' / Edward J Tilt The Lancet (12 Jan 1861)
103.	'The Turkish bath' / Robert Wollaston The Lancet (19 Jan 1861)
104.	'The Turkish bath' / Henry Walter Kiallmark The Lancet (19 Jan 1861)
105.	'Physiological and therapeutic action of the Turkish bath' / J L W Thudichum British Medical Journal (02 Feb 1861)
106.	'The Turkish bath' / Robert Wollaston British Medical Journal (23 Feb 1861)
107.	'The Turkish bath' / Edward Haughton British Medical Journal (9 Mar 1861) p.267
108.	'Treatment of disease by heat' / I G Douglas Kerr Journal of Balneology and Climatology (Apr 1899) pp.130-135
109.	'Public baths, Bury' Bury Times (5 Nov 1864)
110.	'Opening baths on Sundays' / William Cooper Bury Times (19 Nov 1864)
111.	'William Bishop and the Putney Baths' / Peter Thomas Wandsworth Historian 47 (1986)
112.	'Turkish baths, London' Builder (10 Jan 1885)
113.	Fifty years of the water cure, with autobiographical notes / Joseph Constantine. — Manchester : John Heywood, 1892. — p.33
114.	Improvements in the construction of stoves… / Thomas Whitaker and Joseph Constantine. — London : E&S, 1866. — (Letters Patent: 1866, 24th September; no.2448)
115.	'On the heating and ventilation of Turkish baths' / J L Bruce  (1878) pp.493-506
116.	British directories: a bibliography and guide to directories… / G Shaw and A Tipper. — Leicester : University Press, 1989
117.	A lecture on Turkish baths delivered before the members of the Balloon Society ... 26 March 1886 / Charles Bartholomew. — London : Marshall Brothers, 1886
118.	Blitz over Westminster: City of Westminster Civil Defence bomb incident photographs, 1940-44 / text by Roy Harrison. — London : City of Westminster Libraries, 1990
119.	Reminiscences of public life in Southampton, from 1866 to 1900 / James Lemon. — Revised by F J C Hearnshaw. — Southampton : Henry March Gilbert & Son, 1911
120.	Bradford Sanitary, Baths and Cemetery Committee Minutes (1865) pp.20-21
121.	Ashton centenary booklet, 1847-1947. — Ashton-under-Lyne : the Council, 1947. — p.99
122.	Sanitas sanitatum et omnia sanitas. Vol.1 [all published]/ Richard Metcalfe. — London : Co-operative Printing Co, 1877. — p.169
123.	Ashton-under-Lyne Council Minutes (21 Jan 1882)
124.	Sanitas sanitatum et omnia sanitas. [all published] Vol.1 / Richard Metcalfe. — London : Co-operative Printing Co, 1877
125.	'Plans for new baths in Paddington' Builder (31 Jan 1874)
126.	Annual report for 1864. — Newcastle : Royal Infirmary, 1865. — pp.12-13
127.	Consumption arrested by the Turkish bath. — London : Robert Hardwicke, 1864
128.	'The Turkish bath in insanity' The Lancet (10 May 1862) p.494
129.	'Review of Erasmus Wilson's The Eastern or Turkish bath ' / C Lockhart Robertson Journal of Mental Science    (1861) pp.210-231
130.	Perspiration by the Turkish bath as removing disease, with a preface and appendix / Charles Bryce. — 2nd ed. — Brighton : Treacher, 1869. — p.17
131.	'Notes of ten years experience in the use of the Turkish bath in the treatment of mental ill-health' / R Baker Journal of Mental Science (1889) pp.184-9
132.	'Notes of ten years experience in the use of the Turkish bath in the treatment of mental ill-health' / R Baker Journal of Mental Science (1889) pp.184-9
133.	The Turkish, or Roman bath, in Leicester. — Leicester : Leicester Journal, 1861. — pp.8, 9
134.	'The Turkish bath' / Robert Wollaston Cork Daily Herald    (Sep 1859) p.48
135.	'Turkish bath as a means of training' / Henry John Rous Field (28 Apr 1860)
136.	The Anglo-Roman or 'Turkish bath': its history, proper construction, present status and various uses / Francis Drake. — London : Ward & Lock, 1862. — p.27
137.	'Turkish bath as a means of training' / Henry John Rous Field (28 Apr 1860) p.337
138.	Hydropathy at home: the domestic practice of the water cure / Joseph Constantine. — Third ed, rev and enlarged. — Manchester : Heywood, 1884. — p.154
139.	The Victorian railway / Jack Simmons. — London : Thames and Hudson, 1995. — p.69
140.	While it is undoubtedly true that the Romans perfected the hypocaust, recent research shows that less developed forms have been dicovered in some earlier Greek baths. See: Greek baths and bathing culture: new discoveries and approaches edited by S K Lucore and Trümper (Leuven, Peeters, 2013)
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